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The new type of self-control variable frequency synchronous motor has a bright future

Time:2017-09-25 00:00:00

    Since entering the 21st century, with the continuous expansion of its emerging application fields and new requirements for energy saving and environmental protection, synchronous motors are developing into a new type of mechatronics AC speed regulation system, which has potential competitiveness in aerospace, high-precision machine tools, Many fields such as ultra-high-speed motor operation have unique advantages.

    With the commercialization of the fully digital vector control frequency conversion speed regulation technology, the technical performance of the synchronous motor AC electric drive system has reached and exceeded the DC motor electric drive system. AC variable frequency synchronous motor combines the advantages of DC motor and AC motor. It not only has excellent speed control performance of DC motor, large overload capacity; but also has small size, light weight, high efficiency, simple structure, maintenance-free and safe operation. Reliability and other advantages, very promising.

    AC synchronous motors have become a new star in AC adjustable rotation, especially permanent magnet synchronous motors. The motor has a brushless structure, high power factor, high efficiency, and the rotor speed is strictly synchronized with the power frequency.

    The self-control variable frequency synchronous motor is a successful example of "electronic control motor" developed with the advancement of power electronics technology, micro-motor technology, and automatic control theory. It also has the characteristics of traditional AC and DC transmission. It adopts self-control frequency modulation work mode to fundamentally solve it. It has the advantages of high operating efficiency, good reliability, wide speed range, good dynamic response, suitable for high speed and harsh environment, and has become a symbol of the development of electric drives. One. It is foreseeable that new self-controlled frequency conversion synchronous motors will continue to appear.

    The principle of the self-control variable frequency synchronous motor is very similar to the DC motor. The mechanical commutator of the DC motor is replaced by a power electronic converter. For example, when an AC-DC-AC voltage inverter is used, it is called a "DC commutatorless motor" Or called "brushless DC motor". The traditional automatic control variable frequency synchronous motor speed control system has a rotor position sensor, and a system without a rotor position sensor is now being developed. The other control frequency conversion method of synchronous motor can also adopt vector control, and its vector control based on the rotor field orientation is simpler than asynchronous motor.

    Today's information technology is highly developed, and various computer peripherals and office automation equipment are also highly developed. The key components of micro-motors are in large demand, and the requirements for accuracy and performance are getting higher and higher. The requirements for this type of micromotor are miniaturization, thinness, high speed, long life, high reliability, low noise and low vibration, and the precision requirements are particularly high. At the same time, it plays a very important role in the operation control of the industrial automation field, and the control performance requirements of the servo motor are not the same for different applications.

    It is understood that in the past 10 years, with the rapid development of power electronic technology, computer technology, and automatic control technology, electric drive technology is facing a historical revolution, that is, AC speed regulation replaces DC speed regulation and computer digital control technology replaces analog control technology. Has become a development trend. Motor AC frequency conversion speed regulation technology is a major means to save electricity, improve process flow to improve product quality, improve environment, and promote technological progress. This provides a huge market and development space for motors.

    Since entering the 21st century, with the continuous expansion of its emerging application fields and new requirements for energy conservation and environmental protection, what will be the research focus and development direction of automatic variable frequency synchronous motors in the future? After research, the author believes that, compared with the more mature development of commutatorless motors, synchronous motors are developing into a new type of mechatronics AC speed regulation system, which has potential competitiveness and runs in aerospace, high-precision machine tools, and ultra-high-speed motors. And many other fields have unique advantages.

    The author believes that the overall nonlinear simulation modeling and system design including the motor body, power converter, and controller position detector; use advanced control strategies to improve the dynamic performance and functional indicators of synchronous motors; position sensorless self-control variable frequency motors Indirect detection of rotor position and analysis and control of instantaneous torque ripple, oscillation, and noise will be the hot and difficult points of future research.